Cannabis sativa L. is a promising species for non-food production on moderate heavy metal (HM)-contaminated farmland soils and considered as a potential crop for cleaning the soil from HM because of its high biomass production, its long root system and its capacity to absorb and accumulate HM. However, until now, “soil remediation” is usually considered independently of “soil production”, and there is an obvious lack of information regarding the possibility to conciliate phytomanagement and obtaining valuable marketable products. The global aim of the present thesis is to contribute to fil this gap, with specific attention to hemp fibres, the most economically valuable part of the plant. Using two different growing systems (nutrient solution or contaminated agricultural soil), we investigated the contaminant concentration and distribution in hemp raw material, hemp HM tolerance, and the impact of HM on fibre production and quality, considering for the first time industrial standards. To devise agricultural strategies aimed at improving crop yield, the effect of silicon (Si) on plants’ stress resistance was also considered.