Rhizomania is a major disease of sugar beet caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), a benyvirus transmitted by the root-infecting plasmodiophorid protist Polymyxa betae. The obligate parasitic nature of plasmodiophorid organisms has long hampered efforts to obtain axenic cultures and complicated the sequencing of their entire genome. In this thesis, genomes of two P.

Land system science, the inter-disciplinary study of the processes that shape how land and natural resources are used, is essential to solving major societal problems such as climate change, poverty, food insecurity, and biodiversity loss.

To slide or not to slide: the evolution of topography and sediment dynamics in landslide prone regions by Benjamin Campforts, Institut of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder   From an engineering perspective, we often think of landslides as a natural hazard that predominantly occurs in steep terrain.

Tropical river deltas are hotspots of humanactivity, but their vulnerability to flood risks is increasing due to sea levelrise and worldwide conversion of mangroves, acting as natural buffers againstmarine flooding, into human land use. Moreover, extreme sea levels notablydriven by climatic fluctuations such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, areprojected to intensify with global warming.

only on teams

given by Maxime Thomas and François Toussaint. Register here