Cette recherche développe une approche quantitative originale de la problématique de la collecte des déchets ménagers de Kinshasa, métropole de plus de 16 millions d’habitants avec une urbanisation et une démographie incontrôlée, à l’instar de nombreuses mégalopoles du global south. Cette thèse défend l’hypothèse selon laquelle la mise en place d’un réseau de précollecte de déchets est un facteur

The Antarctic Climate is characterized by strong interactions between the ocean, cryosphere and atmosphere and it plays a key role in the Earth’s Climate by driving the storage and redistribution of heat, freshwater and CO2. However, our understanding of the Antarctic Climate processes are still limited due to the scarcity of in-situ observations.

Child labor is considered to be a major concern among cocoa farm households. Studies have extensively documented the prevalence of child labor in the sector and evaluated how cocoa supply chains and farm household livelihoods shape child labor. Yet, the question to what extent cocoa production is a main driver of child labor has not been covered.

Natural vanillin extracted from cultivated vanilla pods is the most common flavour in the world, and the vanilla crop is crucial to Madagascar's socio-economy, providing a direct livelihood for over 80,000 families and representing the majority of the country's exports. However, local production has been threatened by fungal diseases since before 1932.

Climate change will exacerbate drought events in many regions, increasing the demand on freshwater resources and creating major challenges for viticulture. In viticulture, the terroir governs the hydraulic behavior of the vine. The terroir is defined as the interactions between climate, soil, plant material (vine and rootstock varieties) and human management practices.

To promote sustainable agriculture in low- and middle-income countries, local certification schemes and participatory guarantee systems (PGS) have been promoted as inclusive mechanisms.

Roots are foraging for belowground resource acquisition through a diversity of root traits and interactions with the soil and soil biota, as well as with other plants. In addition, roots can release large amounts of exudates and considerably alter nutrient concentrations and soil pH, either themselves or through the stimulation of their microbiome.